The powder X-ray diffraction measurement of the active material is performed as follows:
First, the target sample is ground until an average particle size reaches about 5 μm. Even if the original average particle size is less than 5 μm, it is preferable that the sample is subjected to a grinding treatment with a mortar for grinding aggregates. The average particle size can be obtained by laser diffraction. The ground sample is filled in a holder part having a depth of 0.5 mm, formed on a glass sample plate. A glass sample plate manufactured by Rigaku Corporation is used as the glass sample plate. At this time, much care is necessary to fill the holder part fully with the sample. Special care should be taken to avoid cracking and formation of voids caused by insufficient filling of the sample. Then, another glass plate is used to smooth the surface of the sample by sufficiently pressing the glass plate against the sample. In this case, much care should be taken to avoid too much or too little amount of the sample to be filled, so as to prevent any rises and dents in the basic plane of the glass holder. Then, the glass plate filled with the sample is set in a powder X-ray diffractometer. And then, a diffraction pattern [XRD (X-ray diffraction) pattern] is obtained by using Cu—Kα rays.