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Optical frequency comb locking system

專利號(hào)
US10096968B1
公開日期
2018-10-09
申請(qǐng)人
Raytheon Company（US MA Waltham）
發(fā)明人
Javier H. Fernandez; Todd O. Clatterbuck; Andrew N. Daniele; Michael S. Lackey; Darcy Bibb; Chon Thai
IPC分類
H01S3/13; H01S3/11
技術(shù)領(lǐng)域
envelope,circuitry,beat,comb,tone,offset,carrier,control,repetition,frequency
地域： MA MA Waltham

摘要

Generally discussed herein are systems, devices, and methods for locking an optical frequency comb. A device may include comb error measurement and control circuitry to receive a beat tone and carrier envelope offset of an optical frequency comb and provide a fast and slow repetition rate control and a fast and slow carrier envelope offset control. The repetition rate controls and carrier envelope offset controls to control actuators of an optical frequency comb generator.

說明書

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This patent application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/516,188, filed Jun. 7, 2017, entitled “OPTICAL FREQUENCY COMB LOCKING SYSTEM”, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

Embodiments discussed herein relate to devices, systems, and methods for controlling optical frequency combs.

BACKGROUND

Optical frequency combs have been used as a precision measurement tools, at least in part, because optical frequency combs may be used to accurately measure drifts and/or frequency of high frequency light waves. Optical frequency combs have been used to generate ultra-low phase noise microwaves, which require locking an optical frequency comb to an optical frequency reference. Typically, this has been done using large laboratory systems.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In the drawings, which are not necessarily drawn to scale, like numerals may describe similar components in different views. Like numerals having different letter suffixes may represent different instances of similar components. The drawings illustrate generally, by way of example, but not by way of limitation, various embodiments or examples discussed in the present document.

FIG. 1 illustrates, by way of example, a block diagram of an embodiment of a system for optical frequency comb generation and control.

FIG. 2 illustrates, by way of example, a diagram of an embodiment of comb error measurement circuitry.

權(quán)利要求

1
What is claimed is:1. A system comprising:error measurement and control circuitry configured to receive a first signal comprising a beat tone and a carrier envelope offset corresponding to an optical frequency comb and a second signal comprising the carrier envelope offset and provide a fast repetition rate control, a slow repetition rate control, a fast carrier envelope control, and a slow carrier envelope control for locking an optical frequency comb, wherein the error measurement and control circuit includes:comb error measurement circuitry configured to receive the first and second signal, and to provide a beat tone error and a carrier envelope offset error;repetition rate control circuitry configured to receive the beat tone error signal and to provide a fast repetition rate control and a slow repetition rate control for locking the beat tone of the optical frequency comb; andcarrier envelope offset control circuitry configured to receive a carrier envelope offset error and to provide a fast envelope offset control and a slow envelope offset control for locking the carrier envelope offset of the optical frequency comb.2. The system of claim 1, wherein the comb error measurement circuitry includes:mixer circuitry configured to mix the carrier envelope offset out of the first signal using the first and second signal, and to provide the beat tone and the carrier envelope offset;beat tone digital phase detector circuitry configured to receive the beat tone, to use quadrature demodulation to detect a phase difference between a reference signal and the beat tone and a reference signal generated by a local oscillator, and to provide the beat tone error;carrier envelope offset digital phase detector circuitry configured to receive the carrier envelope offset, to use quadrature demodulation to detect a phase difference between the carrier envelope offset and the reference signal generated by the local oscillator, and to provide the carrier envelope offset error.3. The system of claim 2, wherein the beat tone digital phase detector circuitry includes:a mixing circuit to mix the beat tone with a first reference signal and second reference signal generated from the local oscillator to produce a first mixed signal and a second mixed signal;an analog-to-digital converter to sample the first mixed signal and the second mixed signal to provide a first mixed digital signal and a second mixed digital signal, andarctangent 2 circuitry configured to receive the first and second mixed digital signals, to perform an arctangent 2 operation on the first and second mixed signals, and to provide the result of the arctangent 2 operation as the beat tone error.4. The system of claim 1, wherein the repetition rate control circuit includes:integral-lead control circuitry configured to apply integral-lead control to the beat tone error and provide an integral-lead repetition rate control;fast repetition rate control circuitry configured to apply proportional gain control and a frequency-to-voltage conversion to the integral-lead repetition rate control to provide the fast repetition rate control; andslow repetition rate control circuitry configured to apply proportional gain control, integration control, and a frequency-to-voltage conversion to the integral-lead repetition rate control to provide the slow repetition rate control.5. The system of claim 1, wherein the carrier envelope offset control circuit includes:integral-lead control circuitry configured to apply integral-lead control to the beat tone error and provide an integral-lead carrier envelope offset control;fast carrier envelope offset control circuitry configured to apply proportional gain control and a frequency-to-voltage conversion to the integral-lead carrier envelope offset control to provide the fast carrier envelope offset control; andslow carrier envelope offset control circuitry configured to apply proportional gain control, integration control, and a frequency-to-voltage conversion to the integral-lead carrier envelope offset control to provide the slow carrier envelope offset control.6. The system of claim 1, further including an optical frequency comb generator to use the fast repetition rate control, the slow repetition rate control, the fast carrier envelope offset control, and the slow carrier envelope offset control to provide a locked optical frequency comb.7. The system of claim 6, further including a beat generator to use a single comb tooth of the optical frequency comb and a frequency stabilized laser to provide the first signal.8. The system of claim 1, wherein the comb error measurement circuitry, the repetition rate control circuitry, and the carrier envelope offset control circuitry are implemented in a single field-programmable gate array.9. A method for locking an optical frequency comb comprising:receiving, using error measurement and control circuitry, a first signal comprising a beat tone and a carrier envelope offset corresponding to the optical frequency comb and a second signal comprising the carrier envelope offset;determining, using comb error measurement circuitry and the first and second signal, a beat tone error and a carrier envelope offset error;providing, using repetition rate control circuitry and the beat tone error, a fast repetition rate control and a slow repetition rate control for locking the beat tone of the optical frequency comb; andproviding, using carrier envelope offset control circuitry and the carrier envelope offset error, a fast repetition rate control and a slow repetition rate control for locking the carrier envelope offset of the optical frequency comb.10. The method of claim 9, wherein determining the beat tone error and the carrier envelope offset error includes:mixing the carrier envelope offset out of the first signal using mixing circuitry, the first signal, and the second signal;determining the beat tone error using beat tone digital phase detector circuitry, quadrature demodulation, and the beat tone;determining the carrier envelope offset error using carrier envelope phase detector circuitry, quadrature demodulation, and the carrier envelope offset tone.11. The method of claim 10, wherein determining the beat tone error using quadrature demodulation to includes:mixing, using mixer circuitry, the beat tone with a first signal generated from a local oscillator to create a first mixed signal;mixing, using mixer circuitry, the beat tone with a second signal from the local oscillator, the second signal ninety-degrees out of phase with the first signal;sampling, using an analog to digital converter circuit, the first mixed signal and the second mixed signal to generate a first digital mixed signal and a second digital mixed signal; anddetermining the beat tone error, using an arctangent 2 circuitry, to perform an arctangent 2 function on the first and second digital mixed signals.12. The method of claim 9, wherein providing the fast and slow repetition rate control includes:determining an integral-lead loop control using integral-lead circuitry and the beat tone error;determining the fast repetition rate control using fast gain circuitry and frequency-to-voltage converter circuitry; anddetermining the slow repetition rate control using slow gain circuitry, integration circuitry, and frequency-to-voltage converter circuitry.13. The method of claim 9, wherein providing the fast and slow carrier envelope offset control includes:determining an integral-lead loop control using integral-lead circuitry and the carrier envelope offset error;determining the fast carrier envelope offset control using fast gain circuitry and frequency-to-voltage converter circuitry, anddetermining the slow carrier envelope offset control using slow gain circuitry, integration circuitry, and frequency-to-voltage converter circuitry.14. The method of claim 9, further comprising locking an optical frequency comb using an optical frequency comb generator, the fast repetition rate control, the slow repetition rate control, the fast carrier envelope offset control, and the slow carrier envelope offset control.15. The method of claim 9, wherein the using comb error measurement circuitry, the repetition rate control circuitry, and the carrier envelope offset control circuitry are implemented using a field-programmable gate array.16. At least one non-transitory machine-readable medium the machine-readable medium including instructions, which when performed by a machine, cause the machine to performs operations for locking an optical frequency comb, the operations comprising:receiving, using error measurement and control circuitry, a first signal comprising a beat tone and a carrier envelope offset corresponding to the optical frequency comb and a second signal comprising the carrier envelope offset;determining, using comb error measurement circuitry and the first and second signal, a beat tone error and a carrier envelope offset error;providing, using repetition rate control circuitry and the beat tone error, a fast repetition rate control and a slow repetition rate control for locking the beat tone of the optical frequency comb; andproviding, using carrier envelope offset control circuitry and the carrier envelope offset error, a fast repetition rate control and a slow repetition rate control for locking the carrier envelope offset of the optical frequency comb.17. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 16, the operations further comprising:mixing the carrier envelope offset out of the first signal using mixing circuitry, the first signal, and the second signal;determining the beat tone error using beat tone digital phase detector circuitry, quadrature demodulation, and the beat tone;determining the carrier envelope offset error using carrier envelope phase detector circuitry, quadrature demodulation, and the carrier envelope offset tone.18. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 17, wherein determining the beat tone error using quadrature demodulation to includes:mixing, using mixer circuitry, the beat tone with a first signal generated from a local oscillator to create a first mixed signal;mixing, using mixer circuitry, the beat tone with a second signal from the local oscillator, the second signal ninety-degrees out of phase with the first signal;sampling, using an analog to digital converter circuit, the first mixed signal and the second mixed signal to generate a first digital mixed signal and a second digital mixed signal; anddetermining the beat tone error, using an arctangent 2 circuitry, to perform an arctangent 2 function on the first and second digital mixed signals.19. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 16, wherein providing the fast and slow repetition rate control includes:determining an integral-lead loop control using integral-lead circuitry and the beat tone error;determining the fast repetition rate control using fast gain circuitry and frequency-to-voltage converter circuitry; anddetermining the slow repetition rate control using slow gain circuitry, integration circuitry, and frequency-to-voltage converter circuitry.20. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 16, wherein providing the fast and slow carrier envelope offset control includes:determining an integral-lead loop control using integral-lead circuitry and the carrier envelope offset error;determining the fast carrier envelope offset control using fast gain circuitry and frequency-to-voltage converter circuitry; anddetermining the slow carrier envelope offset control using slow gain circuitry, integration circuitry, and frequency-to-voltage converter circuitry.21. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 16, the operations further comprising locking an optical frequency comb using an optical frequency comb generator, the fast repetition rate control, the slow repetition rate control, the fast carrier envelope offset control, and the slow carrier envelope offset control.
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