Accordingly, in general, a larger Tskew yields a larger tap weight. However, a larger value of Tskew also entails a feedback loop delay penalty. Referring back to FIG. 6, the delay between the falling edge of CLK0 and the data output Q0[2:0] (referred to herein as the Tclk-to-Q delay 604) becoming valid equals the clock-to-Q delay of the decision-making slicer circuit 550. In a quarter-rate system, the quarter-rate clocks CLK0, CLK90, CLK180, and CLK270 are shifted by one unit interval (UI) with respect to each other, so the time between the falling edge of CLK0 and the falling edge of CLK90 equals 1UI. For the RZ tap to operate with the intended benefits, the Q0[2:0] data should arrive at the tap circuits before CLKIH1 (in this case, CLKIH1_90) is switched low. If the setup time Tsetup 606 is defined as the time between the arrival of the valid Q0[2:0] data and the falling edge of CLKIH1_90, it follows that:
Tsetup=1UI?Tclk-to-Q?Tskew??(Eq. 1)
Note that both the clock-to-Q delay of the decision-making slicer circuit 550 and Tskew subtract from the available setup time for the DFE feedback tap circuit. Since Tsetup is positive (or nearly positive) for proper operation of the RZ tap circuit, there is an upper limit on the choice of Tskew, which can be chosen as a compromise between tap weight strength and feedback timing margins, as discussed in the context of FIG. 7.
Example Floorplan