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Apparatus and methods for generating electromagnetic radiation

專利號
US10785858B2
公開日期
2020-09-22
申請人
Massachusetts Institute of Technology（US MA Cambridge）
發(fā)明人
Ido Kaminer; Liang Jie Wong; Ognjen Ilic; Yichen Shen; John Joannopoulos; Marin Soljacic
IPC分類
H05G2/00
技術(shù)領(lǐng)域
graphene,electron,in,radiation,spp,gp,electrons,can,plasmon,beam
地域： MA MA Cambridge

摘要

An apparatus includes at least one conductive layer, an electromagnetic (EM) wave source, and an electron source. The conductive layer has a thickness less than 5 nm. The electromagnetic (EM) wave source is in electromagnetic communication with the at least one conductive layer and transmits a first EM wave at a first wavelength in the at least one conductive layer so as to generate a surface plasmon polariton (SPP) field near a surface of the at least one conductive layer. The electron source propagates an electron beam at least partially in the SPP field so as to generate a second EM wave at a second wavelength less than the first wavelength.

說明書

Patterning the graphene can generate and couple GPs simultaneously along the entire graphene surface (e.g., through the standing wave in nano-ribbon configurations shown in FIG. 2), thereby overcoming the localization of plasmons. In addition, the limitations of plasmon losses do not pose a problem in the approach illustrated in FIGS. 1A-1C for an additional reason. The extremely confined nature of graphene plasmons allows for efficient electron-plasmon interaction over very small distances. For example, several GP periods can be squeezed over a distance of 100 nanometers, which can be sufficient to create a plasmon wiggler.

The properties of GPs can be dynamically changed by electrostatic tuning of the graphene Fermi energy. The tuning of GP properties can in turn change the frequency of the output photons, therefore allowing a dynamically tunable radiation source. In addition, graphene can also be chemically doped as known in the art to further increase the dynamic range of doping. Approaches described here can use electrostatic doping, chemical doping, or both.

權(quán)利要求

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