FIG. 10 shows an exemplary internal data flow within a RSU. The RSU exchanges data with the vehicle OBUs, upper level TCU and the cloud. The data processing module includes two processors: external object calculating Module (EOCM) and AI processing unit. EOCM is for traffic object detection based on inputs from the sensing module and the AI processing unit focuses more on decision-making processes.

FIG. 11 show an exemplary structure of a TCC/TCU network. A macroscopic TCC, which may or may not collaborate with an external TOC, manages a certain number of regional TCCs in its coverage area. Similar, a regional TCC manages a certain number of corridor TCCs, a corridor TCC manages a certain number of segment TCUs, a segment TCU manages a certain number of point TCUs, and a point TCUs manages a certain number of RSUs. An RSU sends customized traffic information and control instructions to vehicles and receives information provided by vehicles. The network is supported by the services provided by the cloud.

FIG. 12 shows how an exemplary cloud system communicates with sensors of RSU, TCC/TCU (1201) and TOC through communication layers (1202). The cloud system contains cloud infrastructure (1204), platform (1205), and application service (1206). The application services also support the applications (1203).