Each haptic phoneme 1139-1144 indicates a sequence of haptic outputs by this array of cutaneous actuators that corresponds to a phoneme of the input word “patent”. Each single haptic output in a sequence of haptic outputs corresponds to activation of a cutaneous actuator, and is represented by a set of two solid concentric circles for that cutaneous actuator. In contrast, non-activated cutaneous actuators are represented by dotted concentric circles. Furthermore, a two point sequence of haptic outputs is represented by two sets of solid concentric circles, with an arrow in between the two sets indicating an activation of a first cutaneous activator which is located in a direction immediately opposite the direction of the arrow, followed by the activation of a second cutaneous actuator which is indicated in a direction immediately following the direction of the arrow. The two point sequence of haptic outputs may be similar to the sequence described above with reference to 
The sequences of haptic outputs for each haptic phoneme may be separated from each other by a delay period with no haptic output (e.g., of 200 ms), or by a special delimiter haptic output (e.g., all actuators activate at the same time for an interval of time).