In one embodiment, the carrier signal generator 1872 generates the broadband carrier signals 1828 by randomly assigning a phase to each of the frequency components. A phase of a frequency component is the position of a point in time (an instant) on a waveform cycle of the frequency component. For example, the carrier signal generator 1872 may randomly assign a phase to each of the frequency components by randomly selecting a relative displacement between two corresponding features (for example, peaks or zero crossings) of two frequency components. The carrier signal generator 1872 may randomly assign a phase to each of the frequency components by randomly selecting an initial angle (phase offset or phase difference) of a frequency component at its origin. In another example, the carrier signal generator 1872 may randomly assign a phase to each of the frequency components by randomly selecting a fraction of a wave cycle of a frequency component that has elapsed relative to the origin.
The actuator signal generator 1876 generates the actuator signals 1818 by encoding the parameters 1852 from the sensor signals 1806 into the broadband carrier signals 1828. The actuator signal generator 1876 may be implemented in software, hardware, or a combination thereof. For example, the actuator signal generator 1876 may include one or more processing units (e.g., a CPU, a GPU, a DSP, a controller, a state machine, one or more ASICs, one or more RFICs, or any combination of these) and a memory.