FIG. 8F illustrates waveforms for generating the sensation of panning of vibrations from a point at or closer to the cutaneous actuator 802A to a point at or closer to the cutaneous actuator 802B, according to one embodiment. In this embodiment, the actuator signal 830A peaks at time T3 and then gradually decreases until it reaches zero at time T4 (which is temporally separated by duration d which is duration of the ramp, from time T3). The actuator signal 830B, on the other hand, starts to increase from time T3 and gradually increases until time T4. The increase may be linear increase. When the actuator signals 830A and 830B are applied to the cutaneous actuators 802A and 802B, the receiving user experiences sensation vibrations moving from a patch of skin placed with the cutaneous actuator 802A to another patch of skin placed with the cutaneous actuator 802B over time d.
FIG. 8G illustrates waveforms for generating the sensation of saltation from a point at or closer to the cutaneous actuator 802A to a point at or closer to the cutaneous actuator 802B, according to one embodiment. To generate such sensation, a number of pulses are sent in the actuator signal 830A to activate the cutaneous actuator 802A. Each pulse may have the same amplitude of A, the same duration of d, and offset by a temporal distance of tp. Subsequently, a number of pulses are sent in the actuator signal 830B to activate the cutaneous actuator 802B. Each pulse of the actuator signal 830B has the same amplitude and the same duration as those of the actuator signal 830A. To create such sensation, the duration of each pulse is shorter than 100 ms and satisfies the following equation:
(tp?d)<d??(8)
