11. The e-beam apparatus according to any of clauses 6 to 10, wherein a length of the movable magnetic shield extends along at least a field of view of the electron optics system and a range of movement of the positioning device.
        12. The e-beam apparatus according to clause 1, wherein the magnetic shield comprises a static magnetic shield which is static relative to the electron optics system.
        13. The e-beam apparatus according to clause 12, wherein a length of the static magnetic shield extends along at least a field of view of the electron optics system.
        14. The e-beam apparatus according to clause 12 or 13, wherein the static magnetic shield is provided with a through hole, a propagation path of the e-beam passing through the through hole.
        15. The e-beam apparatus according to any of clauses 12 to 14, wherein the magnetic shield comprises a further magnetic shield.
        16. The e-beam apparatus according to clause 15, wherein the further magnetic shield faces the through hole in the static magnetic shield.
        17. The e-beam apparatus according to clause 15 or 16, wherein the further magnetic shield is the movable magnetic shield according to any of clauses 5 to 11.
        18. The e-beam apparatus according to any of the preceding clauses, wherein the magnetic shield comprises a local magnetic shield configured to substantially envelop the magnetic actuator by a magnetically shielding material.
        19. The e-beam apparatus according to clause 18, wherein an opening is provided in the local magnetic shield.