Referring back to FIG. 3A, in order to implement the electrical crisscross matrix of FIG. 3B, cells A, B, and C of column C1 are physically inverted, polarity-wise, with respect to cells J, K, and L of column C2. Additionally, crossing connections 310 extend across physical rows. For example, connection 310a connects the negative side of cell A in PR1 to the negative side of cell L in PR3.

In operation, current I can flow through any of the paths available. As shown in FIG. 3B, current I flows through all cells 302 and makes use of all crossing connections 310.

FIG. 3C shows the physical layout of module 300 with physical row PR3 shaded or otherwise malfunctioning. FIG. 3D shows the illustration of FIG. 3B, illustrating the electrical row layout with fully shaded physical row PR3 (with reference to FIG. 3C). PR3 includes cells C and L which are shown as shaded in FIG. 3C and FIG. 3D. While the physical row PR3 is shaded, none of the electrical rows are fully shaded due to the differing partially overlapping physical and electrical matrix arrangements. As shown in FIG. 3D, current I passively routes around shaded cells C and L and flows through solar cells A, B, K and J.