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Nickel-iron battery with high power

專利號
US10868338B2
公開日期
2020-12-15
申請人
Encell Technology, Inc.（US FL Alachua）
發(fā)明人
Randy Ogg
IPC分類
H01M10/26; H01M4/24; H01M10/30; H01M2/16; H01M4/32; H01M4/02
技術(shù)領(lǐng)域
iron,battery,sulfide,anode,in,hydroxide,sodium,separator,fe,electrode
地域： FL FL Alachua

摘要

The present invention provides one with a Ni—Fe battery exhibiting enhanced power characteristics. The battery uses a particular electrolyte. The resulting characteristics of specific power and power density are much improved over conventional Ni—Fe batteries. The electrolyte comprises sodium hydroxide, with lithium hydroxide and sodium sulfide. The iron anode comprises an iron active material and a polyvinyl alcohol binder.

說明書

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CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 61/761,312, filed Feb. 6, 2013; and U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 61/927,304, filed Jan. 14, 2014, which applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention

The present invention is in the technical field of energy storage devices. More particularly, the present invention is in the technical field of rechargeable batteries using an iron anode and a nickel cathode.

State of the Art

Iron electrodes have been used in energy storage batteries and other devices for over one hundred years. Iron electrodes are often combined with a nickel base cathode to form a nickel-iron battery. The nickel-iron battery (Ni—Fe battery) is a rechargeable battery having a nickel (III) oxide-hydroxide cathode and an iron anode, with an electrolyte such as potassium hydroxide. The active materials are held in nickel-plated steel tubes or perforated pockets. It is a very robust battery which is tolerant of abuse, (overcharge, overdischarge, and short-circuiting) and can have a relatively long life. It is often used in backup situations where it can be continuously charged and can last for more than 20 years. Due to its low specific energy, poor charge retention, and high cost of manufacture, however, other types of rechargeable batteries have displaced the nickel-iron battery in most applications.

權(quán)利要求

1
What is claimed is:1. A battery, comprising:a nickel cathode;an iron anode comprising an iron active material that comprises metal iron or an iron oxide material, and a polyvinyl alcohol binder;an electrolyte comprising sodium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, and sodium sulfide, with the amount of sulfide in the electrolyte ranging from 0.23% to 0.75% based on the weight of the electrolyte;a polyolefin battery separator; andwith the battery exhibiting a power density of at least about 3660 watts/liter and a specific power of at least about 2100 watts/kg.2. The battery of claim 1, which is a sealed battery.3. The battery of claim 1, wherein the iron anode is comprised of a single layer of a conductive substrate coated on at least one side with a coating comprising the iron active material and the polyvinyl alcohol binder.4. The battery of claim 3, wherein the substrate is coated on both sides.5. The battery of claim 1, further exhibiting a specific energy of at least about 105 watt hours/kg.6. The battery of claim 1, further exhibiting an energy density of at least about 183 watt hours/liter.7. The battery of claim 1, further exhibiting a watt hour efficiency of at least about 95%.8. The battery of claim 1, further exhibiting a charge retention, measured as capacity at 28 days 20° C., of at least about 95%.9. The battery of claim 1, exhibitinga specific energy of at least about 105 watt hours/kg;an energy density of at least about 183 watt hours/liter;a watt hour efficiency of at least about 95%; anda charge retention of at least about 95%.10. The battery of claim 1, exhibiting a cycle life of at least about 10,000 cycles.11. The battery of claim 1, wherein the battery has been cycled.
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