WAVE is an improved standard of IEEE 802.11p WIFI technology which is the most widely used short-distance communication standard. WAVE was completed in 2012. It is almost the only standard for automobile communication, and a technology led by the ministries of transportation of most countries including the United States. The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport of the Republic of Korea is also showing initiative in providing trial services and the like.

Upon receiving requests sent by each vehicle and infrastructure through roadside units, LTE V2X may determine the priority and order of frequency allocation. Upon receiving the emergency requests, LTE V2X may secure some of the frequencies of existing communication, and reallocate them, thereby contributing to stable autonomous driving operations. Since it is a standard derived from LTE, LTE V2X is being led by the European-oriented 3GPP.

Currently, it is unknown whether WAVE or LTE-V2X will be used as the V2X standard in Korea. There is a possibility that both technologies will co-exist and be used. If the two technologies were to co-exist and be used, vehicles and roadside units must have modules that could transceive and process both of the technologies in order to make a smooth V2X communication. However, there is no vehicle on board unit or roadside unit that could process both WAVE and LTE-V2X, and thus there is a problem that if commercialization is made in the form where WAVE and LTE-V2X co-exist, V2X communication could not be made smoothly.

Korean Patent Registration 10-0670777