A non-destructive readout (NDRO) circuit topology includes one or more readout “tails” used to propagate, as one or more non-destructive output signals, a state stored in a logical circuit “body” to which the one or more tails are connected. In part because signals used to trigger readout and the output signals corresponding to the stored state can be propagated as single flux quantum (SFQ) pulses, the readout circuit topology is compatible with circuit designs of the reciprocal quantum logic (RQL) family of superconducting logic for ultra-low-power superconducting computing. The examples provided herein expand and improve on RQL technology in many areas of logic and memory circuitry, in terms of reducing device count, improving functionality, and minimizing or eliminating large transformers.