What is claimed is:1. A component mounting system comprising:a board transport line configured to transport a board from an upstream side to a downstream side; anda plurality of work stations disposed in the board transport line and configured to perform component mounting on the board,wherein the board transport line is configured to:transport a board from the downstream side to a work station in the upstream side in a first reverse transportation mode; andtransport the board from the work station to the downstream side in a normal transportation mode when the mounting of a component on the board is completed in the work station,wherein when mounting of the component is completed in the work station, the first reverse transportation mode is automatically switched to the normal transportation mode.2. The component mounting system of claim 1,wherein the board transport line is configured to prohibit another board from being carried into the work station from the upstream side until the board in the downstream side reaches the work station.3. The component mounting system of claim 2,wherein the board transport line is configured to enable the other board to be carried into the work station from the upstream side when the board is carried away from the work station after the mounting of the component was completed.4. A component mounting device comprising:a board transporter constituting a board transport line for transporting a board from an upstream side to a downstream side; anda component mounting head configure to mount a component onto the board in a work station in the middle of the board transport line,wherein the board transporter comprises:a first operation mode in which a board received from the upstream side is transported to the work station and the board is transported in the downstream side when mounting of the component on the board is completed in the work station, anda second operation mode in which a board in the downstream side is transported to the work station in the upstream side,wherein when mounting of the component is completed in the work station, the first reverse transportation mode is automatically switched to the normal transportation mode.5. The component mounting device of claim 4,wherein the board transporter is configured to prohibit another board from being carried into the work station from the upstream side until the board in the work station is transported to the downstream side according to the second operation mode.6. The component mounting device of claim 4,wherein the board transporter is configured to transport, to the downstream side, the board which was carried into the work station according to the second operation mode and on which the mounting of the component has been completed.7. The component mounting device of claim 6,wherein the board transporter is switched to the first operation mode after the board was carried into the work station according to the second operation mode, and is configured to transport, to the downstream side, the board on which the mounting of the component is completed according to the first operation mode.8. The component mounting device of claim 4,wherein the board transporter further has a third operation mode in which a board in the downstream side is transported to the upstream side.9. A board transport method in a component mounting device including a board transporter constituting a board transport line for transporting a board from an upstream side to a downstream side, and a component mounting head mounting a component on the board in a work station in the middle of the board transport line, the method comprising:transporting a board in the downstream side to a work station in the upstream side by the board transporter in a reverse transportation mode;transporting the board toward a stop position which is set in the work station in the upstream side by the board transporter;when the board overpasses the stop position, transporting the board toward the downstream side and stopping the board at the stop position by the board transporter; andtransporting the board from the work station to the downstream side in a normal mode when the mounting of a component on the board is completed in the work station in a normal transportation mode,wherein when mounting of the component is completed in the work station, the first reverse transportation mode is automatically switched to the normal transportation mode.10. A component mounting system comprising:a board transport line configured to transport a board from an upstream side to a downstream side; anda plurality of work stations disposed in the board transport line and configured to perform component mounting on the board,wherein the board transport line is configured to:transport a board from the downstream side to a work station in the upstream side in a first reverse transportation mode; andtransport the board from the work station to the downstream side in a normal transportation mode when the mounting of a component on the board is completed in the work station,wherein the board transport line comprises a first component mounting device and a second component mounting device aligned in an order, and the board transport line is further configured to transport the board from the downstream side to the first component mounting device in the upstream side by passing through the second component mounting device in a second reverse transporting mode.