In step ST7, the image coding apparatus performs a quantizing process. The quantization section 24 of the image coding apparatus 10 quantizes the transform coefficient or the residual data supplied from the orthogonal transformation section 23. For the quantization, the rate is controlled as will be described with respect to the processing of step ST17 to be described later.
The quantized information generated as described hereinbefore is locally decoded in the manner described below. Specifically, in step ST8, the image coding apparatus performs a dequantizing process. The dequantization section 31 of the image coding apparatus 10 dequantizes the quantized data output from the quantization section 24 according to characteristics corresponding to the quantization section 24.
In step ST9, the image coding apparatus performs an inverse orthogonal transformation process or an inverse transformation skip process. The inverse orthogonal transformation section 32 of the image coding apparatus 10 inversely orthogonally transforms the dequantized data generated by the dequantization section 31 according to characteristics corresponding to the orthogonal transformation section 23, and outputs the inversely orthogonally transform data to the operator 33. Furthermore, in case the transformation skip mode is used in the orthogonal transformation section 23, the inverse orthogonal transformation section 32 skips an inverse orthogonal transformation on the dequantized data, thereafter performs an inverse bit shift process thereon, and outputs the processed data to the operator 33.