Processors of the application circuitry 202 and processors of the baseband circuitry 204 may be used to execute elements of one or more instances of a protocol stack. For example, processors of the baseband circuitry 204, alone or in combination, may be used to execute Layer 3, Layer 2, or Layer 1 functionality, while processors of the application circuitry 202 may utilize data (for example, packet data) received from these layers and further execute Layer 4 functionality (for example, transmission communication protocol (TCP) and user datagram protocol (UDP) layers). As referred to herein, Layer 3 may comprise a radio resource control (RRC) layer, described in further detail below. As referred to herein, Layer 2 may comprise a medium access control (MAC) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, and a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, described in further detail below. As referred to herein, Layer 1 may comprise a physical (PHY) layer of a UE/AN, described in further detail below.
There may be two configured grant mechanisms for an NR operation in unlicensed spectrum, Type 1 and Type 2. Type 1 may be based on an RRC configuration. Type 2 may be based on an RRC configuration and a Layer 1 (L1) activation and deactivation. Type 1 mechanism may have an advantage that the UE 105 can start a grant-free transmission as the corresponding RRC configured, since there is no waiting for L1 activation message. Meanwhile, Type 2 mechanism may be more flexible in indicating, including but not limited to, desired time and/or frequency domain resources, UE-specific demodulation reference signal (DMRS) configurations, and modulation coding scheme (MCS)/transport block size (TBS) values. Further, a network may have better controllability with Type 2 in terms of managing a set of autonomous UEs for uplink transmission.