According to a second aspect of the one or more implementations of the present specification, a homomorphic data decryption method for implementing privacy protection is provided, and includes the following: obtaining homomorphic ciphertext c=(1+N)m·(hr mod N)N=(1+N)m·(hN mod N2)r mod N2, where homomorphic ciphertext c is obtained after data m is processed by using public key pk={N, h} corresponding to a target user and random number r, h is a generator of a predetermined cyclic group with a size of k in random number space Z*N, hr belongs to the predetermined cyclic group, a length of k is i bits, a length of N is n bits, and i<<n; and decrypting homomorphic ciphertext c based on private key sk of the target user, to obtain data