FIG. 4 schematically shows a decoder including a downsampled frame decoding unit (a) and a residual data decoding unit (b) according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 shows a decoder including an intra prediction unit for performing intra prediction on residual data according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 shows a sequence of 4×4 pixel unit intra prediction coding and a position of a reference block in H.264/AVC coding;

FIG. 7 shows intra prediction modes used for 4×4 block in H.264/AVC;

FIG. 8 shows intra prediction modes used for 4×4 block in H.264/AVC;

FIG. 9 shows an intra prediction method used for 4×4 block if a macroblock according to an embodiment of the present invention is 32×32 block;

FIG. 10 shows a method of predicting a motion vector of a current block in inter prediction of H.264/AVC;

FIG. 11 shows a motion compensation block size in H.264/AVC;

FIG. 12 shows a reference picture index assigning method in H.264/AVC;

FIG. 13 shows a reference picture index assigning method in 32×32 macroblock according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 14 shows a syntax structure indicating a reference picture index assigning method in 32×32 macroblock according to an embodiment of the present invention;