Regarding QCL relationship, the following is provided. When signals such as transmit beams are said to be QCL, this indicates that the beams appear to the receiver as having the same parameters, regardless of whether or not the transmitting antennas themselves are physically collocated. In 5G NR, there are four types of QCL relations. Specifically, a QCL relation of a given type means that certain parameters related to the propagation channel experienced by a second signal on a second beam can be derived from information about a first source signal on a source beam. Thus, if the QCL relation type is QCL Type A, the receiver can use the source signal to estimate the Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, and delay spread of a second signal. If the QCL relation type is QCL Type B, the receiver can use the source signal to estimate the Doppler shift and Doppler spread of a second signal. If the QCL relation type is QCL Type C, the receiver can use the source signal to estimate the Doppler shift and average delay of a second signal. If the QCL relation type is QCL Type D, the receiver can use the source signal to estimate the spatial receive parameter (i.e., receive beam) of a second signal. Note that additional QCL types may be defined for future applications, and specifically for positioning-related applications, for example, QCL type E relating to average delay and delay spread. The description herein in general applies to any such QCL relation.
In an aspect, signals used as PRS/RTTM (for network-centric RTT)/RTTR (for UE-centric RTT) may be implicitly QCLed with SSB when frequency division multiplexed with SSB. In this way, the receiver (e.g., the UE) may use the same Rx beam. It is noted that implicit QCL may be a function of the UE's capability. For example, implicit QCL may be used when the UE indicates that it is only capable of a single beam operation.