At 960, the network entity may receive one or more RTTR signals from the UE on the RTTR resources. Each RTTR signal may correspond to one or more of the transmitted RTTM signals and may comprise an RTTR waveform and an RTTR payload. The RTTR waveform enables the network entity to detect/measure the RTTR signal. For each RTTR signal, the network may measure the reception of the RTTR waveform at the measured RTTR arrival time t4 in the digital domain. For example, the measured RTTR arrival time t4 may correspond to the frame, subframe, or a slot of the scheduled/allocated RTTR resource in which the symbols contained therein are the symbols of the RTTR signal. The measured RTTR arrival time t4 may represent a time just subsequent to the RTTR waveform being converted to symbols of the RTTR signal. Each RTTR payload may comprise a UE response delay (actual or measured) indicating a duration between the UE receiving the RTTM waveform and transmitting the RTTR waveform. In other words, each RTTR payload may comprise UE turn-around time (actual or measured) and/or UE Rx?Tx time difference (actual or measured).
At 970, the network entity may determine the RTT between the UE and the network entity based on the RTTM signal(s), the RTTR signal(s), and the network total group delay. Note that the network entity has available the measured RTTM transmit time t1 (determined at 950) and the measured RTTR arrival time t4 (determined at 960). The network entity also has available the network total GD (determined at 910).