The technique of the present disclosure provides an image processing apparatus for estimating a printing result of image data to be printed with a small amount of operation after the image data is obtained. The apparatus is an image processing apparatus for estimating a printing result to be obtained by printing input image data with a printer, including: an obtaining unit that obtains the input image data; and an estimation unit that estimates the printing result based on the input image data. The estimation unit has been caused to learn scanned image data as correct data, the scanned image data being obtained by reading, with a scanner, a printing result obtained by printing predetermined image data with the printer.
In step S705, an error e is calculated based on the determination results in S704 and the intermediate data and the correct data. In the present embodiment, the error e is defined by the equation below.