When the first and second transfer gates 326 and 328 are actuated to complete a connection between the first and second capacitors 202 and 302, the charge in the second capacitor 302 changes corresponding to a difference in voltage V₀ between the first node 361 and second node 362. Thus, the second capacitor 302 can be recharged to, e.g., a pre-determined charge. The charge in the second capacitor 302 is equivalent to the capacitance of the second capacitor C₂ multiplied by the voltage drop across the second capacitor V_C. The voltage drop across the second capacitor V_C is related to the difference in a first pre-charge voltage 344 and a second pre-charge voltage 346 because the second capacitor 302 is connected on one side to the first pre-charge voltage 324 and on a second side to the second pre-charge voltage 346.

To avoid interference with the transfer of charge with the first capacitor 202, a first pre-charge gate 322 can open to prevent a flow of current from the first pre-charge voltage 344. Similarly, a second pre-charge gate 324 can also open to prevent a flow of current from the second pre-charge voltage 346. The first and second pre-charge gates 322 and 324 can close once the first and second transfer gates 326 and 328 open. Similarly, the first and second pre-charge gates 322 and 326 can open when the first and second transfer gates 326 and 328 close. Thus, the second capacitor 302 is either connected to the first and second pre-charge voltages 344 and 346, or to the first capacitor 202.