Organic cations that can be used for the preparation or organic-inorganic perovskites have been reported previously. In an embodiment, said second organic cation is a cation selected from the compounds disclosed in the international application PCT/IB2015/055025, filed on Jul. 3, 2015, and published on Jan. 14, 2016, with publication number WO2016/005868, in particular monovalent cations A and A′ and bivalent cations B disclosed on page 11, line 1-27 through page 17, line 18 of WO 2016/005868. These organic cations A, A′ and B are expressly incorporated herein by reference. A typical example of a second organic cation is methylammonium. Organic cations D, D′ disclosed in WO2014/180789, page 23, line 11 through page 30, lines 12 are also enclosed by reference. Furthermore, organic cations A, A′ and B disclosed in WO2014/180780, page 16, line 18 through page 23, line 10, are also enclosed herein by reference.
The second organic cation is preferably added in the precursor solution in the form of a salt, such that the precursor solution also contains the appropriate anion. Since the anions are also part of the perovskite to be formed, said anion of the second organic cation is preferably independently selected from halide anions, CN?, NCO?, NCS?, BF4?, and NCSe?. Preferred halides are I?, Cl?, Br? and F?. The “second” anion may be the same or different from the anion of the first organic cation.