白丝美女被狂躁免费视频网站,500av导航大全精品,yw.193.cnc爆乳尤物未满,97se亚洲综合色区,аⅴ天堂中文在线网官网

Redox flow battery

專利號(hào)
US11177497B2
公開(kāi)日期
2021-11-16
申請(qǐng)人
Shrihari Sankarasubramanian; Vijay K. Ramani（US MO St. Louis）
發(fā)明人
Shrihari Sankarasubramanian; Vijay K. Ramani
IPC分類
H01M8/18; H01M8/1004; H01M8/04791; H01M8/083
技術(shù)領(lǐng)域
rfb,ce,ion,metal,acid,in,redox,ce4,membrane,ti
地域： MO MO St. Louis

摘要

Disclosed herein is a redox flow battery (RFB). The battery generally includes: a positive electrolyte that is a first metal ion, a negative electrolyte that is a second metal ion, an ion exchange membrane positioned between the positive electrolyte and the negative electrolyte. The membrane is configured to restrict and/or prevent the passage of the first metal ion and/or the second metal ion therethrough, and is configured to maintain ionic conductivity between the positive electrolyte and the negative electrolyte.

說(shuō)明書

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF GOVERNMENT SUPPORT

This invention was made with government support under DE-AR0000768 awarded by the U.S. Department of Energy. The government has certain rights in the invention.

BACKGROUND

The field of the disclosure relates generally to electrochemical cells and, more specifically, to an electrode-decoupled redox flow battery that utilizes a unique combination of active species.

Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are a promising technology for large scale energy storage due to the inherent decoupling of energy and power in the RFBs. For example, energy is stored and released by suitably changing the oxidation state of ions in solution (i.e., the electrolytes). As the electrolytes are pumped in from external reservoirs, the energy obtained from a given RFB cell or stack is a function of the reservoir size. The voltage of the stack is a function of the number of individual cells connected in series, and is a function of the difference in equilibrium potential between the active species. Unlike batteries with solid electrodes, since increasing the energy stored in a RFB does not require any changes in battery size or structure, there is no impact on the current, and hence on the power output, of a RFB (i.e., decoupling of energy and power). This also has important cost implications relative to lithium ion batteries, because potentially doubling the capacity of a RFB only requires a doubling of the reservoir size and not duplication of the entire battery stack, which can be an expensive endeavor.

SUMMARY

權(quán)利要求

1
What is claimed is:1. A redox flow battery (RFB), said battery comprising:a positive electrolyte comprising a first metal ion,a negative electrolyte comprising a second metal ion, whereinthe first metal ion is at least one of Ti4+ and Ti3+, and the second metal ion has a reduction potential less than or equal to that of Ce4+, orthe second metal ion is at least one of Ce4+ and Ce3+ and the first metal ion has a reduction potential greater than or equal to that of Ti4+;an ion exchange membrane positioned between the positive electrolyte and the negative electrolyte, whereinsaid membrane is configured to restrict and/or prevent the passage of the first metal ion and/or the second metal ion therethrough,said membrane is configured to maintain ionic conductivity between the positive electrolyte and the negative electrolyte,said membrane is configured to allow the passage of anions and reduce or prevent the flow of cations; andwherein at least one of the positive electrolyte or the negative electrolyte is an acid; and the acid is electrochemically stable.2. The redox flow battery according to claim 1, wherein at least one anion in the positive electrolyte and the negative electrolyte are the same.3. The redox flow battery according to claim 1, wherein a 2 M solution of the acid is electrochemically stable below 2.0 V relative to a standard hydrogen electrode.4. The redox flow battery according to claim 1, wherein the acid has a pKa of less than 2.0.5. The redox flow battery according to claim 1, wherein the acid has a pKa of less than 0.6. The redox flow battery according to claim 1, wherein the acid is selected from the group consisting of sulfuric acid, methane sulfonic acid, and combinations thereof.7. The redox flow battery according to claim 1, wherein said battery exhibits a coulombic efficiency of greater than 99.9% over 25 cycles.8. The redox flow battery according to claim 1, wherein the ion exchange membrane is a poly(etherketone).9. A method for storing electricity, the method comprising:preparing the redox flow battery according to claim 1.10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the first metal ion is titanium and the second metal ion is cerium.11. A method for generating an electrical current, the method comprising:preparing the redox flow battery according to claim 1, andflowing the positive electrolyte and the negative electrolyte at a flow rate along a surface of the ion exchange membrane thereby generating an electrical current.12. A method for storing electricity, the method comprising:preparing a positive electrolyte that comprises a first metal ion;preparing a negative electrolyte that comprises a second metal ion; whereinthe first metal ion is at least one of Ti4+ and Ti3+, and the second metal ion has a reduction potential less than or equal to that of Ce4+, orthe second metal ion is at least one of Ce4+ and Ce3+ and the first metal ion has a reduction potential greater than or equal to that of Ti4+;placing an ion exchange membrane between the positive electrolyte and the negative electrolyte, whereinsaid membrane is configured to restrict and/or prevent the passage of the first metal ion and/or the second metal ion therethrough,said membrane is configured to maintain ionic conductivity between the positive electrolyte and the negative electrolyte,said membrane is configured to allow the passage of anions and reduce or prevent the flow of cations; andwherein at least one of the positive electrolyte or the negative electrolyte is an acid; and the acid is electrochemically stable.13. A method for generating an electrical current, the method comprising:preparing a redox flow battery, andflowing the positive electrolyte and the negative electrolyte at a flow rate along a surface of the ion exchange membrane thereby generating an electrical current;wherein the redox flow battery comprises:a positive electrolyte comprising a first metal ion,a negative electrolyte comprising a second metal ion, whereinthe first metal ion is at least one of Ti4+ and Ti3+, and the second metal ion has a reduction potential less than or equal to that of Ce4+, orthe second metal ion is at least one of Ce4+ and Ce3+ and the first metal ion has a reduction potential greater than or equal to that of Ti2+;an ion exchange membrane positioned between the positive electrolyte and the negative electrolyte, whereinsaid membrane is configured to restrict and/or prevent the passage of the first metal ion and/or the second metal ion therethrough,said membrane is configured to maintain ionic conductivity between the positive electrolyte and the negative electrolyte, andsaid membrane is configured to allow the passage of anions and reduce or prevent the flow of cations; andwherein at least one of the positive electrolyte or the negative electrolyte is an acid; and the acid is electrochemically stable.14. The redox flow battery according to claim 1, wherein the ion exchange membrane is positioned to extend the entirety between the positive electrolyte and the negative electrolyte.15. The redox flow battery according to claim 1, wherein the battery has a ΔE of at least 0.5 V.
微信群二維碼
意見(jiàn)反饋