FIG. 5a: A schematic illustration from a cross-sectional view of an open cylindrical shaped macro porous support scaffold with an ionic conductive membrane formed on the inner and outer surface of said macro porous support scaffold.
FIG. 5b: A three-dimensional schematic illustration of an open cylindrical shaped macro porous support scaffold with an ionic conductive membrane formed on the inner and outer surface of said macro porous support scaffold
FIG. 5c: An artistic illustration of the final prototype outline in FIGS. 5a-b of an open cylindrical shaped macro porous support scaffold with an ionic conductive membrane formed on the inner and outer surface of said macro porous support scaffold.
FIG. 5d: A representation of an exemplary redox flow battery including the example of FIG. 5c. 
FIG. 6a: A schematic illustration from a cross-sectional view of two open cylindrical shaped macro porous support scaffolds with one inside the other where an electrode foil separates the two. An ionic conductive membrane is formed on the inner surface of the inner macro porous support scaffold and on the outer surface of the outer macro porous support scaffold.