According to an example of the present description, FIG. 5a is a schematic illustration from a cross-sectional view of an open cylindrical shaped macro porous support scaffold with an ionic conductive membrane formed on the inner and outer surface of said macro porous support scaffold.

According to an example of the present description, FIG. 5b is a three-dimensional schematic illustration of an open cylindrical shaped macro porous support scaffold with an ionic conductive membrane formed on the inner and outer surface of said macro porous support scaffold

According to an example of the present description, FIG. 5c is an artistic illustration of the final prototype outline in FIGS. 5a-b of an open cylindrical shaped macro porous support scaffold with an ionic conductive membrane formed on the inner and outer surface of said macro porous support scaffold.

According to an example of the present description, FIG. 5d is a representation of an exemplary redox flow battery including the example of FIG. 5c.

According to an example of the present description, FIG. 6a is a schematic illustration from a cross-sectional view of two open cylindrical shaped macro porous support scaffolds with one inside the other where an electrode foil separates the two. An ionic conductive membrane is formed on the inner surface of the inner macro porous support scaffold and on the outer surface of the outer macro porous support scaffold.