According to an example of the present description, FIG. 8b is a three-dimensional schematic illustration of a closed cylindrical shaped macro porous support scaffold with an ionic conductive membrane on its outer surface with a second open cylindrical shaped macro porous support scaffold surrounding the outer surface of the ionic conductive membrane.
According to an example of the present description, FIG. 8c is a schematic illustration of the final prototype outline in FIGS. 8a-b of a closed cylindrical shaped macro porous support scaffold with an ionic conductive membrane on its outer surface with a second open cylindrical shaped macro porous support scaffold surrounding the outer surface of the ionic conductive membrane.
According to an example of the present description, FIG. 8d is a representation of an exemplary redox flow battery including the example of FIG. 8c. 
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
To overcome the crossover issue associated with current ion-exchange membranes, thin solid state ionic conductive membranes have been proposed. However, the mechanical strength of these ionic conductive membranes is not enough to overcome the fluidic forces applied to the membrane during operation. To overcome this issue, macro porous support scaffolds of the present description can be used to help strengthen the ionic conductive membrane for use in redox flow batteries.