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Electrolytes for improved performance of cells with high-capacity anodes based on micron-scale moderate volume-changing particles

專利號(hào)
US11177500B2
公開日期
2021-11-16
申請(qǐng)人
Sila Nanotechnologies Inc.(US CA Alameda)
發(fā)明人
Gleb Yushin; Ashleigh Ward; Gregory Roberts
IPC分類
H01M10/052; H01M10/0561; H01M4/38; H01M10/0569; H01M10/42; H01M10/0568; H01M4/02; H01M10/0567
技術(shù)領(lǐng)域
in,li,lmp,vol,anodes,anode,elr,solvent,fec,e.g
地域: CA CA Alameda

摘要

A metal-ion battery cell is provided that comprises anode and cathode electrodes, a separator, and an electrolyte. The anode electrode may, for example, have a capacity loading in the range of about 2 mAh/cm2 to about 10 mAh/cm2 and comprise anode particles that (i) have an average particle size in the range of about 0.2 microns to about 40 microns, (ii) exhibit a volume expansion in the range of about 8 vol. % to about 180 vol. % during one or more charge-discharge cycles of the battery cell, and (iii) exhibit a specific capacity in the range of about 600 mAh/g to about 2,600 mAh/g. The electrolyte may comprise, for example, (i) one or more metal-ion salts and (ii) a solvent composition that comprises one or more low-melting point solvents that each have a melting point below about ?70° C. and a boiling point above about +70° C.

說(shuō)明書

In a further example, swelling of binders in electrolytes depends not just on the binder composition, but also on the electrolyte compositions. Furthermore, such swelling (and the resulting performance reduction) may correlate with a reduction in elastic modulus upon exposure of binders to electrolytes. In this case, the smaller the reduction in modulus in certain electrolytes, the more stable the binder-linked (nano)composite active particles/conductive additives interface becomes. In an example, a reduction in binder modulus by over 15-20% may result in a noticeable reduction in performance. In a further example, a reduction in the binder modulus by two times (2×) may typically result in a higher performance reduction. In a further example, a reduction in modulus by five or more times (e.g., 5×-500×) may result in an even higher performance reduction. Therefore, in certain embodiments, selecting an electrolyte composition that does not induce significant binder swelling may function to increase cell performance characteristics. In some examples, an electrolyte composition may be selected to ensure that a reduction in the binder modulus does not exceed 30% (e.g., or more preferably, by no more than 10%) when exposed to electrolyte. In anodes which comprise more than one binder composition, an electrolyte composition may be selected to ensure that a reduction in the binder modulus in at least one of the binders does not exceed 30% (e.g., more preferably, by no more than 10%) when exposed to electrolyte.

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