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Electrolytes for improved performance of cells with high-capacity anodes based on micron-scale moderate volume-changing particles

專利號
US11177500B2
公開日期
2021-11-16
申請人
Sila Nanotechnologies Inc.(US CA Alameda)
發(fā)明人
Gleb Yushin; Ashleigh Ward; Gregory Roberts
IPC分類
H01M10/052; H01M10/0561; H01M4/38; H01M10/0569; H01M10/42; H01M10/0568; H01M4/02; H01M10/0567
技術(shù)領(lǐng)域
in,li,lmp,vol,anodes,anode,elr,solvent,fec,e.g
地域: CA CA Alameda

摘要

A metal-ion battery cell is provided that comprises anode and cathode electrodes, a separator, and an electrolyte. The anode electrode may, for example, have a capacity loading in the range of about 2 mAh/cm2 to about 10 mAh/cm2 and comprise anode particles that (i) have an average particle size in the range of about 0.2 microns to about 40 microns, (ii) exhibit a volume expansion in the range of about 8 vol. % to about 180 vol. % during one or more charge-discharge cycles of the battery cell, and (iii) exhibit a specific capacity in the range of about 600 mAh/g to about 2,600 mAh/g. The electrolyte may comprise, for example, (i) one or more metal-ion salts and (ii) a solvent composition that comprises one or more low-melting point solvents that each have a melting point below about ?70° C. and a boiling point above about +70° C.

說明書

In some designs, it may be preferable during the so-called cell “formation” to “cure” the SEI (e.g., to induce additional cross-linking within the SEI) on the (nano)composite volume changing anode after the first charge (e.g., when the anode is in the partially or fully expanded state). The “curing” process may be conducted at an elevated temperature (e.g., compared to the initial temperature of the charge-discharge cycle). In some designs, formation of free radicals (and/or the cross-linking within the SEI) may require heating the cell to a temperature in the range of around 30° C. to around 100° C. at least during some part of the “curing” process. In some designs, the “curing” process may range from around 1 minute to around one week. In some designs, the “curing” process may be conducted at both the partially or fully charged state and during at least part of the discharge. In some designs, the “curing” process may be conducted after the second charge (e.g., similarly, at the partially or fully charged state of the cell and/or during at least a portion of the discharge). In some designs, the “curing” process may be conducted after the third charge or later charge (e.g., similarly, at the partially or fully charged state of the cell and/or during at least a portion of the discharge).

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