After the fourth RF signal is received by the interrogator, the fourth RF signal may be processed in any suitable way in furtherance of determining a distance between the interrogator and the target device. For example, the fourth RF signal may be processed by the circuitry in the interrogator in accordance with any of the ways described herein including with reference to 
As discussed above, the inventors recognized the benefits of developing relatively low cost, small footprint micro-localization components afforded by chip-scale technologies. Unlike conventional designs that are typically too complex for chip-scale production, the designs developed by the inventors facilitate the ability to manufacture components of a micro-localization system using semiconductor fabrication processes. According to some embodiments, interrogator devices and target devices are manufactured as chip-scale products, some examples of which are described in further detail below.