What is claimed is:1. A system for preventing overvoltage of a battery in which one or more cells are provided, the system comprising:a voltage measurement unit configured to measure a voltage of each cell;a first control unit configured to output a cutoff signal for cutting an inflow of a charge current, when a first measurement voltage value of at least one cell of the one or more cells measured by the voltage measurement unit is equal to or greater than a prescribed first reference voltage value;a cutoff unit configured to receive the cutoff signal from the first control unit to cut off the inflow of the charge current;a cell balancing unit configured to compare a voltage difference between each of the cells to perform cell balancing; anda second control unit configured to compare a second measurement voltage value of the at least one cell measured by the voltage measurement unit with a prescribed second reference voltage value to control the cell balancing unit on a basis of a comparison result,wherein the second control unit comprises:a voltage comparison unit configured to compare the second measurement voltage value measured by the voltage measurement unit with a prescribed second reference voltage value; andan overvoltage determination unit configured to output a turn-on signal to a balancing Field Effect Transistor (FET), when the second measurement voltage value is equal to or greater than the prescribed second reference voltage value according to a comparison result of the voltage comparison unit, andwherein the second reference voltage value is greater than the first reference voltage value.2. The system of claim 1, wherein the cell balancing unit comprises:the balancing FET, the balancing FET configured to be on/off-controlled according to a control from the second control unit; anda balancing resistor in which a cell current is discharged by the balancing FET being turned on.3. The system of claim 2, wherein the balancing FET is configured to discharge a corresponding voltage of the second measurement voltage value of the at least one cell and the balancing resistor is configured to consume the discharged voltage.4. A method for preventing overvoltage of a battery in which one or more cells are provided, the method comprising:a first voltage measurement step for measuring a voltage of each cell;a first overvoltage determination step for comparing a first measurement voltage value of at least one cell of the one or more cells measured in the first voltage measurement step with a prescribed first reference voltage to determine whether the cell is overvoltage;a cutoff signal output step for outputting a cutoff signal for cutting off an inflow of a charge current, when the at least one cell is determined to be in overvoltage in the first overvoltage determination step;a second voltage measurement step for measuring a voltage of the at least one cell which has been determined to be in overvoltage in the first overvoltage determination step;a second overvoltage determination step for comparing a second measurement voltage value of at least one cell measured in the second voltage measurement step with a prescribed second reference voltage value to determine whether the cell is in overvoltage;a balancing FET turn-on signal output step for outputting a turn-on signal to the balancing FET, when the at least one cell is determined to be in overvoltage in the second overvoltage determination step; andan overvoltage discharge step in which a voltage of the at least one cell is discharged, the at least one cell having been determined to be in overvoltage in the second overvoltage determination step,wherein the second reference voltage value is greater than the first reference voltage value.5. The method of claim 4, wherein in the overvoltage discharge step, the voltage of the at least one cell is discharged in a balancing resistor through the balancing FET.6. A system for preventing overvoltage of a battery in which one or more cells are provided, the system comprising:a voltage measurement unit configured to measure a voltage of each cell;a first control unit configured to output a cutoff signal for cutting an inflow of a charge current, when a first measurement voltage value of at least one cell of the one or more cells measured by the voltage measurement unit is equal to or greater than a prescribed first reference voltage value;a cutoff unit configured to receive the cutoff signal from the first control unit to cut off the inflow of the charge current;a cell balancing unit configured to compare a voltage difference between each of the cells to perform cell balancing; anda second control unit configured to compare a second measurement voltage value of the at least one cell measured by the voltage measurement unit with a prescribed second reference voltage value to control the cell balancing unit on a basis of a comparison result,wherein the cell balancing unit comprises:a balancing Field Effect Transistor (FET) configured to be on/off-controlled according to a control from the second control unit; anda balancing resistor in which a cell current is discharged by the balancing FET being turned on,wherein the second control unit comprises:a voltage comparison unit configured to compare the second measurement voltage value measured by the voltage measurement unit with a prescribed second reference voltage value; andan overvoltage determination unit configured to output a turn-on signal to the balancing FET, when the second measurement voltage value is equal to or greater than the prescribed second reference voltage value according to a comparison result of the voltage comparison unit, andwherein the balancing FET is configured to discharge a corresponding voltage of the second measurement voltage value of the at least one cell and the balancing resistor is configured to consume the discharged voltage.