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Printed circuit board comprising a plurality of power transistor switching cells in parallel

專利號(hào)
US11553595B2
公開日期
2023-01-10
申請(qǐng)人
IDéNERGIE INC.(CA Montreal)
發(fā)明人
Handy Fortin-Blanchette; Pierre Blanchet
IPC分類
H05K1/11; H05K1/18; H05K1/02
技術(shù)領(lǐng)域
transistor,power,dc,switching,legs,in,gate,circuit,printed,decoupling
地域: Montreal

摘要

A printed circuit board comprises N power switching cells operating in parallel and respectively comprising a transistor leg, at least one decoupling capacitor and a gate driver circuit. Each transistor leg comprises respective first and second transistors in series, a drain of the first transistor being connected to a positive DC line, a source of the second transistor being connected to a negative DC line, a source of the first transistor being connected to a drain of the second through a connection middle-point connected to an output terminal. Each gate driver circuit controls respective switching ON and OFF of the corresponding first and second transistors. The N transistor legs of the corresponding N power switching cells are positioned to substantially form a convex polygon having N edges of substantially the same length, each one of the N transistor legs being positioned along one of the edges of the convex polygon.

說明書

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to the field of power electronic modules. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to a printed circuit board comprising a plurality of power transistor switching cells in parallel.

BACKGROUND

Power electronic modules have multiple applications, for example in power conversion equipment such as industrial motor drives, embedded motor drives, uninterruptible power supplies, etc. Power electronic modules are also used in inverters for renewable energies as wind turbines, photovoltaic panels and electric vehicles (EVs). A power electronic module comprises various types of electric and electronic components, including transistors.

Transistors used in power electronic modules are usually referred to as power transistors. A power transistor has specific characteristics, such as a housing capable of supporting important instantaneous power dissipation and high voltage and current which makes the power transistor suitable for being used in an electronic power module.

A common electronic design consists in using several power transistors in parallel. For example, it is common to find packages available on the market which encapsulate fast power transistors connected in parallel. In this configuration, it is difficult to ensure a uniform distribution of electrical currents in dynamic conditions, more specifically during the switching periods of the transistors. Electrical current disparities during the switching transient results in higher switching losses for the transistors absorbing higher electrical currents. These switching losses cause additional heating in these transistors, altering their long-term reliability.

權(quán)利要求

1
What is claimed is:1. A printed circuit board comprising:a pair of input terminals consisting of a positive direct current (DC) terminal and a negative DC terminal;an output terminal;a positive DC line connected to the positive DC terminal;a negative DC line connected to the negative DC terminal;N power switching cells, N being an integer greater than two, the N power switching cells operating in parallel, each power switching cell comprising:a transistor leg comprising a first transistor and a second transistor connected in series, a drain of the first transistor being connected to the positive DC line, a source of the second transistor being connected to the negative DC line, a source of the first transistor being connected to a drain of the second transistor via an electrical line comprising a connection middle-point, the connection middle-point being connected to the output terminal;at least one decoupling capacitor in parallel with the transistor leg; anda gate driver circuit comprising a first gate driver electrically connected to a gate of the first transistor and a second gate driver electrically connected to a gate of the second transistor for controlling respective switching ON and OFF of the first and second transistors; andwherein the N transistor legs of the corresponding N power switching cells are positioned on the printed circuit board to substantially form a convex polygon having N edges of substantially the same length, each one of the N transistor legs of the corresponding N power switching cells being positioned along one of the edges of the convex polygon.2. The printed circuit board of claim 1, wherein the output terminal is positioned substantially at the center of the convex polygon formed by the N transistor legs of the corresponding N power switching cells.3. The printed circuit board of claim 1, wherein the positive and negative DC lines are positioned on the printed circuit board to encircle the N transistor legs of the corresponding N power switching cells.4. The printed circuit board of claim 1, wherein one of the positive or negative DC lines is stacked above the other one to form a laminated DC bus.5. The printed circuit board of claim 1, wherein the at least one decoupling capacitor of the N power switching cells are evenly distributed on the printed circuit board.6. The printed circuit board of claim 1, wherein a fiberglass insulator is positioned at the center of the printed circuit board, the output terminal being supported by the fiberglass insulator.7. The printed circuit board of claim 1, comprising a plurality of mounting holes evenly distributed on the printed circuit board, the mounting holes receiving screws for securing the printed circuit board to a heatsink located below the printed circuit board.8. The printed circuit board of claim 1, wherein the first and second transistors consist of power transistors.9. The printed circuit board of claim 8, wherein the first and second power transistors consist of Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) transistors, Silicon Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (SiMOS) transistors, Silicon Carbide Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (SiCMOS) transistors or Gallium Nitride (GaN) transistors.10. The printed circuit board of claim 1, wherein the N gate driver circuits synchronously switch ON the N first transistors and switch OFF the N second transistors.11. The printed circuit board of claim 1, wherein the N gate driver circuits synchronously switch OFF the N first transistors and switch ON the N second transistors.12. The printed circuit board of claim 1, wherein the at least one decoupling capacitor consists of a high frequency capacitor.13. The printed circuit board of claim 1, wherein the positive and negative DC lines provision the at least one decoupling capacitor of each power switching cell in current.14. The printed circuit board of claim 1, wherein the N gate driver circuits are connected to a controller generating an electrical control signal for synchronizing the N first and second transistors, the electrical control signal being amplified by the N gate driver circuits.15. The printed circuit board of claim 1, wherein the N gate driver circuits are positioned on the printed circuit board in a same layer as the N transistor legs.16. The printed circuit board of claim 1, wherein the N gate driver circuits are positioned on the printed circuit board above a layer comprising the N transistor legs.17. The printed circuit board of claim 1, wherein N is equal to 3 and the 3 transistor legs are positioned on the printed circuit board to substantially form an equilateral triangle.18. The printed circuit board of claim 1, wherein N is equal to 5 and the 5 transistor legs are positioned on the printed circuit board to substantially form a convex pentagon, the five edges of the pentagon having the same size.19. The printed circuit board of claim 1, wherein the output terminal is connected to an inductive load.20. The printed circuit board of claim 1, wherein the input terminals are connected to a DC power source providing a high voltage direct current of at least 100 volts.
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