Multi-phase change thermal management systems for servers
地域：
CA
CA Sunnyvale
摘要
An immersion cooling system includes an immersion tank and one or more information technology (IT) equipment, the IT equipment is configured to provide IT services and is at least partially submerged within a first phase change liquid within the immersion tank, where, when the IT equipment provides the IT services, the IT equipment generates heat that is transferred to the first phase change liquid thereby causing at least some of the first phase change liquid to turn into vapor phase. The cooling system includes a condenser unit having a second phase change liquid circulating at the condenser unit. The condenser unit includes a vacuum port, a sealing valve at the vacuum port. The cooling system includes a heat exchange core, coupling within the immersion tank connecting with the condenser unit to carry heat from the first phase change liquid to the second phase change liquid.
說(shuō)明書(shū)
Embodiments of the present invention relate generally to servers and data center cooling. More particularly, embodiments of the invention relate to multi-phase change thermal management systems for servers.
Thermal management for a data center that includes several active electronic racks is critical to ensure proper performance of servers and/or other information technology (IT) equipment (e.g., performing IT services) that is operating in the racks.
Recently, data centers have been deploying more high-power density electronic racks, where more high-density chips are packaged closer together to provide more computing power and low communication overhead. Cooling these high-density racks by maintaining a proper thermal environment may be an issue with existing cooling systems, such as any air cooling based system.
Immersion cooling, which involves at least partially submerging electronics in a dielectric solution, is a feasible solution for high-density electronics. Implementing immersion cooling in existing data centers, however, has challenges. For example, a data center's cooling infrastructure may need to be modified to be able to support operating an immersion cooling system, since existing data centers are designed for either air cooling or other types of liquid cooling. Also, immersion cooling is a more complex cooling solution than existing air/liquid solutions. For instance, single-phase immersion cooling requires complex hardware design for electronic components, mechanical pumps that may fail/leak, and significant room modification for deployment in a data center.
權(quán)利要求
What is claimed is:1. An immersion cooling system, comprising:an immersion tank to contain one or more information technology (IT) equipment at least partially submerged into a liquid phase of a first phase change fluid within the immersion tank, the IT equipment including one or more processors representing one or more severs, wherein, when the IT equipment operates, the IT equipment generates heat that is transferred to the first phase change fluid thereby causing at least some of the liquid phase of the first phase change fluid to turn into a vapor phase; a condenser unit having a second phase change fluid circulating at the condenser unit, the condenser unit comprising:a vacuum port; and a sealing valve at the vacuum port to seal in a pressure at the condenser unit; and a heat exchange core, coupling the immersion tank to the condenser unit to carry the heat from the first phase change fluid to the second phase change fluid, wherein the heat exchange core is to condense the first phase change fluid from the vapor phase to the liquid phase. 2. The immersion cooling system of claim 1 , further comprising an external cooling unit coupled to the condenser unit, the external cooling unit comprises:an air blower that blows an airflow through one or more condensing coils of the condenser unit; or a cooling nozzle to spray the one or more condensing coils of the condenser unit using a cooling liquid medium from an ambient source. 3. The immersion cooling system of claim 1 , wherein the heat exchange core is situated above the immersion tank but below the condenser unit. 4. The immersion cooling system of claim 1 , wherein the heat exchange core comprises a set of pipes, wherein the vapor phase of the first phase change fluid circulates at an exterior to the set of pipes, wherein the second phase change fluid in contact with an interior to the set of pipes extracts the heat from the vapor phase of the first phase change fluid causing the vapor phase of the first phase change fluid to condense to the liquid phase. 5. The immersion cooling system of claim 1 , wherein a boiling point of the second phase change fluid is lower than a boiling point of the first phase change fluid. 6. The immersion cooling system of claim 1 , wherein the condenser unit comprises a riser compartment and a downcomer compartment, wherein a vapor phase of the second phase change fluid rises in the riser compartment and a liquid phase of the second phase change fluid falls down in the downcomer compartment. 7. The immersion cooling system of claim 1 , wherein a boiling point of the second phase change fluid is adjustable based on a negative pressure applied at the condenser unit. 8. The immersion cooling system of claim 1 , wherein the first phase change fluid circulates between the heat exchange core and the immersion tank in a first sealed containment, and wherein the second phase change fluid circulates between the heat exchange core and a condenser unit in a second sealed containment. 9. The immersion cooling system of claim 1 , wherein the first phase change fluid is a same fluid as the second phase change fluid. 10. The immersion cooling system of claim 1 , wherein the condenser unit further comprises a backup coolant storage unit to store an additional quantity of the second phase change fluid. 11. A data center system, comprising:a plurality of immersion cooling systems to provide immersion cooling to a plurality sets of information technology (IT) equipment, wherein each of the immersion cooling systems comprises:an immersion tank to contain a set of one or more information technology (IT) equipment at least partially submerged into a liquid phase of a first phase change fluid within the immersion tank, the IT equipment including one or more processors representing one or more severs, wherein, when the IT equipment operates, the IT equipment generates heat that is transferred to the first phase change fluid thereby causing at least some of the liquid phase of the first phase change fluid to turn into a vapor phase; a condenser unit having a second phase change fluid circulating at the condenser unit, the condenser unit comprising:a vacuum port; and a sealing valve at the vacuum port to seal in a pressure at the condenser unit; and a vapor-to-liquid heat exchange core, coupling the immersion tank to the condenser unit to carry the heat from the first phase change fluid to the second phase change fluid, wherein the vapor-to-liquid heat exchange core is to condense the first phase change fluid from the vapor phase to the liquid phase. 12. The data center system of claim 11 , wherein each of the immersion cooling systems further comprises an external cooling unit coupled to the condenser unit, the external cooling unit comprises:an air blower that blows an airflow through one or more condensing coils of the condenser unit; or a cooling nozzle to spray the one or more condensing coils of the condenser unit using a cooling liquid medium from an ambient source. 13. The data center system of claim 11 , wherein the vapor-to-liquid heat exchange core is situated above the immersion tank but below the condenser unit. 14. The data center system of claim 11 , wherein the vapor-to-liquid heat exchange core comprises a set of pipes, wherein the vapor phase of the first phase change fluid circulates at an exterior to the set of pipes, wherein the second phase change fluid in contact with an interior to the set of pipes extracts the heat from the vapor phase of the first phase change fluid causing the vapor phase of the first phase change fluid to condense to the liquid phase. 15. The data center system of claim 11 , wherein a boiling point of the second phase change fluid is lower than a boiling point of the first phase change fluid. 16. The data center system of claim 11 , wherein the condenser unit comprises a riser compartment and a downcomer compartment, wherein a vapor phase of the second phase change fluid rises in the riser compartment and a liquid phase of the second phase change fluid falls down in the downcomer compartment. 17. The data center system of claim 11 , wherein a boiling point of the second phase change fluid is adjustable based on a negative pressure applied at the condenser unit. 18. The data center system of claim 11 , wherein the first phase change fluid circulates between the vapor-to-liquid heat exchange core and the immersion tank in a first sealed containment, and wherein the second phase change fluid circulates between the vapor-to-liquid heat exchange core and the condenser unit in a second sealed containment. 19. The data center system of claim 11 , wherein the first phase change fluid is a same fluid as the second phase change fluid. 20. The data center system of claim 11 , wherein the condenser unit further comprises a backup coolant storage unit to store an additional quantity of the second phase change fluid.
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