The bit strings coding unit 108 codes, in addition to the sequences, pictures, slices, and information in units of coding blocks, the bit strings coding unit 108 encodes coding information corresponding to the prediction method determined by the prediction method determiner 105 for each of coding blocks. Specifically, the bit strings coding unit 108 encodes a prediction mode PredMode for each of coding blocks. In a case where the prediction mode is inter prediction (MODE_INTER), the bit strings coding unit 108 encodes coding information (inter prediction information) such as a flag to determine whether the mode is the merge mode, a subblock merge flag, a merge index in the case of merge mode, an inter prediction mode in the case of non-merge modes, a motion vector predictor index, information related to motion vector differences, and a subblock motion vector predictor flag, on the bases of a prescribed syntax (bit string syntax rules) and thereby constructs a first bit string. In a case where the prediction mode is intra prediction (MODE_INTRA), coding information (intra prediction information) such as the intra prediction mode is coded according to a prescribed syntax (bit string syntax rules) to construct a first bit string. In addition, the bit strings coding unit 108 performs entropy coding on the orthogonally transformed and quantized residual on the basis of a prescribed syntax and thereby constructs a second bit string. The bit strings coding unit 108 multiplexes the first bit string and the second bit string on the basis of a prescribed syntax, and outputs the bitstream.