Therefore, whether to skip the BIO of the current block may be determined based on the degree of variation of the motion vectors of the neighboring blocks, for example, variance or standard deviation. As an extreme example, when the variance of motion vectors of the neighboring blocks is 0, the optical flows on a per pixel basis or per subblock basis in the current block are also likely to have the same value as the motion vector of the current block, and thus the BIO is skipped.
As an example, the motion vector variance of the neighboring blocks may be expressed as Equation 19.