A driving and resistance control system for a permanent-magnet synchronous motor is disclosed. A control device includes a processing unit, a motor driving circuit, a resistance controller, and an interlock switch. In a first operation mode, the interlock switch makes the motor driving circuit and the permanent-magnet synchronous motor open-circuiting, and connecting stator windings of the permanent-magnet synchronous motor to the resistance controller, and under this condition, the external rotor of the permanent-magnet synchronous motor is rotated by spinning of a flywheel, so that the permanent-magnet synchronous motor is operating in a generator mode to generate a resisting force to the flywheel by mesas of a resistance generation device. In a second operation mode, the interlock switch makes the motor driving circuit and the permanent-magnet synchronous motor closed-circuiting and cutting off control of the resistance controller, and electrical energy is supplied from the power supply circuit to the permanent-magnet synchronous motor, so as to make the permanent-magnet synchronous motor operating in a motor mode to induce an acceleration on the external rotor.