A pore forming agent may be removed by decomposition or dissolution in the bulk forming process of the raw material or after bulk formation. As the pore forming agent, any polymer having a carbonization yield of 40% or less, specifically a carbonization yield of 1 to 20% may be used. Here, the carbonization yield of a polymer may be a carbonization yield based on the condition of 900° C. carbonization under N2 reduction gas atmosphere having a purity of 99.99% or more.
More specifically, the pore forming agent may be a polymer having a carbonization yield of 40% or specifically 1 to 20%, and a content of fixed carbon in remaining carbon of 99 wt % or more. A specific example of the pore forming agent which forms residual pores in the active material bulk may include polystyrene, polyvinylalcohol, polyvinylchloride, epoxy resin, phenol resin, polypropylene, a mixture thereof, or the like, but is not limited thereto. The pore forming agent may have a spherical shape or fibrous shape, but is not limited thereto.