Preferable examples of the separator 20 include separators made of cellulose, polyolefin, polyimide, polyester (e.g., polyethylene terephthalate (PET)), or ceramics. Separators made of cellulose are advantageous in that they are inexpensive and have excellent heat resistance. Unlike widely used separators made of polyolefin with poor heat resistance, separators made of polyimide, polyester (e.g., polyethylene terephthalate (PET)), or cellulose themselves have not only excellent heat resistance, but also the component of the electrolytic liquid, γ-butyrolactone (GBL), having excellent heat resistance exhibits excellent wettability thereon. Accordingly, in the case of using an electrolytic solution containing GBL, the electrolytic solution can sufficiently penetrate into the separator (without repelling). Meanwhile, separators made of ceramics are advantageous in that they, of course, have excellent heat resistance and can be produced as one integrated sintered body together with the positive electrode plate 12 and the negative electrode plate 16 as a whole. In the case of using a ceramic separator, the ceramic forming the separator is preferably at least one selected from MgO, Al2O3, ZrO2, SiC, Si3N4, AlN, and cordierite, more preferably at least one selected from MgO, Al2O3, and ZrO2.