Method of coating electroactive materials with conductive polymers
地域：
MI
MI Detroit
摘要
The present disclosure provides a method of preparing a coated electroactive material. The method includes providing a plurality of particles including an electroactive material. The method further includes coating the plurality of particles with a conductive polymer. The coating includes preparing a solution of water and the conductive polymer. The coating further includes forming a slurry by combining the solution with the plurality of particles. The method further includes drying the slurry to form the coated electroactive material. The coated electroactive material includes the plurality of particles. Each of the plurality of particles is at least partially coated with the conductive polymer. In certain aspects, the present disclosure provides a method of preparing an electrode including the coated electroactive material.
說明書
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This section provides background information related to the present disclosure which is not necessarily prior art.
The present disclosure relates to a method of coating electroactive materials with conductive polymers, coated electroactive materials formed by the method, and electrodes including the coated electroactive materials.
High-energy density electrochemical cells, such as lithium-ion batteries can be used in a variety of consumer products and vehicles, such as hybrid or electric vehicles. Battery powered vehicles show promise as a transportation option as technical advances continue to be made in battery power and lifetimes. One factor potentially limiting wider acceptance and use of battery-powered vehicles is the potentially limited driving range, especially in the earlier stages of adoption where charging stations are not yet ubiquitous as gas stations are today. It would be desirable to provide batteries capable of providing longer drive ranges and shorter charge times. In addition, battery-powered vehicles often are required to operate in extreme weather conditions, for example, at low temperatures in northern winter weather.
In the face of these requirements, it has been a challenge to find economical battery chemistries that meet both energy and power requirements. There has long been a need for a battery having a chemistry that avoids or minimizes use of expensive metals, such as cobalt and other noble metals, while providing advantageous power delivery, long driving ranges, and fast charge to enhance widespread use of batteries, especially in vehicles.
權(quán)利要求
What is claimed is:1. A method of preparing a coated electroactive material, the method comprising:coating a plurality of particles comprising an electroactive material with a conductive polymer by:preparing a solution that comprises water, the conductive polymer, and an additive selected from the group consisting of: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide lithium salt, 4-(3-butyl-1-imidazolio)-1-butanesulfonic acid triflate, diethylene glycol, and combinations thereof, forming a slurry by combining the solution with the plurality of particles, and drying the slurry to form the coated electroactive material, the coated electroactive material comprising the plurality of particles, each of the plurality of particles being at least partially coated with the conductive polymer, wherein the electroactive material is a positive electroactive material selected form the group consisting of: NMC, LLC, LFP, LMFP, NCMA, LMO, and combinations thereof, a weight ratio of the conductive polymer to the electroactive material is greater than or equal to about 0.01 to less than or equal to about 0.1, and the additive is present in the solution in an amount less than about 10 weight percent. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the drying comprises spray drying, rotavapor drying, vacuum drying, or a combination thereof. 3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising, prior to the drying, concurrently heating and stirring the slurry. 4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the concurrently heating and stirring includes heating the slurry to a temperature of greater than or equal to about 60° C. to less than or equal to about 95° C. for a duration of greater than or equal to about 2 hours to less than or equal to about 20 hours. 5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising preparing the electroactive material prior to the coating. 6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the conductive polymer is selected from the group consisting of: polypyrrole, polyaniline, polythiophene, PEDOT, and PEDOT:PSS, copolymers thereof, derivatives thereof, and combinations thereof. 7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the conductive polymer comprises the PEDOT:PSS. 8. The method of claim 7 , a weight ratio of the PEDOT to the PSS is greater than or equal to about 0.1 to less than or equal to about 10. 9. The method of claim 7 , wherein a conductivity of the PEDOT:PSS is greater than or equal to about 1 S/cm to less than or equal to about 500 S/cm. 10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the preparing includes providing the conductive polymer in an amount greater than or equal to about 0.1 weight percent to 30 weight percent of the solution. 11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the positive electroactive material comprises the LLC. 12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of particles defines an average particle size of greater than or equal to about 0.05 μm to less than or equal to about 30 μm. 13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the forming includes cross-linking the conductive polymer. 14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the conductive polymer covers greater than or equal to about 50% of a surface area of each of the plurality of particles. 15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the conductive polymer covers greater than or equal to about 90% of a surface area of each of the plurality of particles. 16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the conductive polymer at least partially coating, coating, each of the plurality of particles defines a thickness of greater than or equal to about 1 nm to less than or equal to about 500 nm. 17. A method of preparing a coated electroactive material, the method comprising:preparing a solution that comprises water, a conductive polymer, and an additive, the conductive polymer comprising PEDOT:PSS having a weight ratio of PEDOT to PSS of greater than or equal to about 0.1 to less than or equal to about 10, the conductive polymer being present in an amount greater than or equal to about 0.1 weight percent to about 30 weight percent of the solution, and the additive being selected from the group consisting of: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide lithium salt, 4-(3-butyl-1-imidazolio)-1-butanesulfonic acid triflate, diethylene glycol, and combinations thereof, forming a slurry by combining the solution with a plurality of particles comprising LLC, anddrying the slurry to form the coated electroactive material comprising the plurality of particles, where each of the plurality of particles comprises LLC being at least partially coated with the conductive polymer, wherein a weight ratio of the conductive polymer to the electroactive material is greater than or equal to about 0.01 to less than or equal to about 0.1, and the additive is present in the solution in an amount less than about 10 weight percent. 18. A method of preparing an electrode including a coated electroactive material, the method comprising:preparing a coated electroactive material, the preparing including,providing a plurality of particles comprising an electroactive material, and coating the plurality of particles with a conductive polymer, the coating including,preparing a solution of water, the conductive polymer, and an additive selected from the group consisting of: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide lithium salt, 4-(3-butyl-1-imidazolio)-1-butanesulfonic acid triflate, diethylene glycol, and combinations thereof, forming a slurry by combining the solution with the plurality of particles, and drying the slurry to form the coated electroactive material, the coated electroactive material comprising the plurality of particles, each of the plurality of particles being at least partially coated with the conductive polymer; and preparing an electrode including the coated electroactive material, wherein the electroactive material is a positive electroactive material selected form the group consisting of: NMC, LLC, LFP, LMFP, NCMA, LMO, and combinations thereof, a weight ratio of the conductive polymer to the electroactive material is greater than or equal to about 0.01 to less than or equal to about 0.1, and the additive is present in the solution in an amount less than about 10 weight percent. 19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the conductive polymer is present in the electrode in an amount greater than or equal to about 0.01 weight percent to less than or equal to about 10 weight percent. 20. The method of claim 18 , wherein the electrode is configured to have a discharged capacity retention of greater than or equal to about 95% after 80 cycles when cycled in an electrochemical cell.
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