The battery system and data center is thus capable of adaptive temp control, which can monitor the cooling cost at each temperature setting, and compare it with the projected cost/cycle or cost/storage day to find the optimal temp setting.

Thermal energy is harvested during battery discharge or charge, and converted to electrical energy using a thermoelectric component. The harvested energy can be stored in one or more separate small scale batteries (e.g., auxiliary batteries), which can be used to supplement the primary batteries (e.g., for cool down) when discharging of the primary batteries is stopped and grid power is still lost. Power is provided to IT equipment in an efficient manner while providing back-up in case of power loss and peak power conditions. Loss due to charge and discharge of batteries can be mitigated.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating an example of an IT rack 900, according to some embodiments. The IT rack houses various IT equipment and provides electric power and cooling for the housed IT equipment. A data center (e.g., data center 200 of FIG. 2) can hold one or more such IT racks.