Example 21: The device of example 16, wherein the memory device comprises a paraelectric material which includes: SrTiO3, Ba(x)Sr(y)TiO3 (where x is ?0.05, and y is 0.95), HfZrO2, Hf—Si—O, La-substituted PbTiO3, or a PMN-PT based relaxor ferroelectrics.
Example 1a: A method of fabricating a device structure, the method comprising: forming a first conductive interconnect in a dielectric in a memory region and a second conductive interconnect in a logic region; depositing an etch stop layer on the dielectric and on the first conductive interconnect and on the second conductive interconnect; forming an electrode structure on the first conductive interconnect by etching an opening in the etch stop layer and depositing a first conductive material; forming a memory device by depositing a material layer stack comprising a ferroelectric material or a paraelectric material on the electrode structure and etching the material layer stack; forming a spacer on a sidewall of the memory device by depositing an encapsulation layer and etching the encapsulation layer; depositing a dielectric layer on the memory device; forming a via electrode on the memory device by forming a first opening in the dielectric layer and depositing a second conductive material in the first opening; and forming a via structure on the second conductive interconnect and a metal line on the via structure by patterning a second opening in the dielectric and in the etch stop layer.
Example 2a: The method of example 1a, wherein depositing the material layer stack comprises depositing at least two layers comprising the ferroelectric material.