In some embodiments, the electrochemical fluid 108, 110 circulates through the electrochemical generator system 100, receiving electrical power from the electrical source 126 and delivering the electrical power to the electrical load, substantially continuously. In some embodiments, the electrochemical fluid 108, 110 is stored in a storage tank 112, 114 until the electrical power is needed similarly to a battery, when pumps 116, 118 flow the electrochemical fluid 108, 110. As described in relation to FIG. 1-1, a first electrochemical fluid 108 and a second electrochemical fluid 110 exchange ions across a first ion-transfer membrane 106 in the first electrochemical chamber 104 to discharge the first electrochemical fluid 108 and produce electrical power. The first electrochemical fluid 108 and a second electrochemical fluid 110 exchange ions across a second ion-transfer membrane 130 in the second electrochemical chamber 128 to charge the first electrochemical fluid 108 and store electrical power.

In some embodiments, at least a part of the electrochemical chamber configured to provide power is located in a microfluidic volume between dies on a stacked-die processor. For example, a first electrochemical fluid may be positioned in the microfluidic volume. In another example, a second electrochemical fluid may be positioned in the microfluidic volume. In yet another example, both the first electrochemical fluid and the second electrochemical fluid may be positioned in the microfluidic volume.